ipv4_calculator
Calculate network, broadcast, mask, hosts, class and binary for any IPv4 address
Enter runs the calculation · Shift+Enter inserts a new line
Calculate network, broadcast, mask, hosts, class and binary for any IPv4 address
Calculate network info for IPv6 addresses in CIDR notation
Variable Length Subnet Mask — assigns optimal blocks for each network segment
| # | Name | Hosts Req | Hosts Avail | Prefix | Network | First Host | Last Host | Broadcast | Mask |
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Shows the exact usable host range for a given network
Convert IP addresses to binary and vice versa, with per-octet visualization
Convert between CIDR, decimal mask and wildcard. Includes full /1–/32 reference table.
| CIDR | Subnet Mask | Wildcard | Hosts | /24 subnets | Block |
|---|
Calculate the wildcard (inverse) mask for Cisco ACLs, OSPF and firewall rules
Find the minimum supernet containing all specified networks (route summarization)
Split a network into equal subnets by specifying a new prefix
| # | Network | First Host | Last Host | Broadcast | Hosts | Mask |
|---|
Convert an IP range (start–end) to the minimum set of CIDR blocks
| # | CIDR Block | Network | Broadcast | Hosts |
|---|
Convert IPv4/IPv6 addresses to integer and vice versa
Expand and compress IPv6 addresses — normalize any valid format
Convert between hexadecimal and IP address — useful for Windows route tables and Cisco logs
802.1Q VLAN info: tag encoding, PCP, DEI, VID, range and compatibility
Generate the PTR in-addr.arpa zone for an IPv4 network
Generate the PTR ip6.arpa record for an IPv6 address
Locate a public IP or resolve a domain and geolocate its public address
Interactive IP address space planner — click cells to edit, export to CSV
| # | Name | Network | Mask/CIDR | Gateway | VLAN | Location | Notes |
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Calculations are sent through this site's same-origin Worker proxy to the private calculation service.
LCP, CLS and INP may be stored as aggregate performance measurements by tool and language. Calculation inputs and persistent user identifiers are not included.
Only GeoIP lookups are processed by an external provider. The requested IP address is sent for that lookup.
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Advertising is controlled by the production configuration. When Google AdSense is enabled, consent is handled through a certified CMP before personalized advertising is used where required.
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This page provides operational information; it is not a legal-compliance certification.
Entiende cómo caminos distintos de ida y vuelta rompen el seguimiento de estado y cómo demostrar la asimetría antes de relajar el firewall.
Connection tracking aprende un flujo a partir de los paquetes que ve. Si la ida cruza un router y la vuelta lo evita, el primer firewall puede ver solo media conversación y clasificar paquetes posteriores como INVALID o fuera de estado.
Registrar temporalmente estado, interfaces y cinco-tuplas es más seguro que aceptar tráfico INVALID sin más. Compara traceroutes, tablas y capturas en ambos sentidos hasta identificar el equipo que solo ve un lado del flujo.
ECMP, policy routing y enlaces de respaldo pueden mover solo algunos flujos por otro retorno. El fallo parece aleatorio aunque la decisión sea determinista para cada hash o condición de política.
La solución limpia suele ser que ambos sentidos atraviesen la misma frontera stateful, o colocar el filtrado donde ambos estén garantizados. Las excepciones amplias para INVALID deben ser el último recurso y muy acotadas.
Capturar en el firewall sospechoso y en un router adyacente puede mostrar SYN saliendo por uno y SYN/ACK volviendo por otro. Emparejar cinco-tuplas y tiempos es evidencia más fuerte que un único traceroute.
Reglas por origen, VRF y marcas pueden sustituir la tabla principal. Inspecciona la decisión aplicada al origen y connection-mark exactos en vez de confiar solo en un lookup genérico.
Si necesitas una excepción temporal, limítala por interfaz, origen y destino y retírala tras demostrar el camino. Convertir un drop INVALID global en accept puede ocultar spoofing o estados obsoletos no relacionados.