ipv4_calculator
Calculate network, broadcast, mask, hosts, class and binary for any IPv4 address
Enter runs the calculation · Shift+Enter inserts a new line
Calculate network, broadcast, mask, hosts, class and binary for any IPv4 address
Calculate network info for IPv6 addresses in CIDR notation
Variable Length Subnet Mask — assigns optimal blocks for each network segment
| # | Name | Hosts Req | Hosts Avail | Prefix | Network | First Host | Last Host | Broadcast | Mask |
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Shows the exact usable host range for a given network
Convert IP addresses to binary and vice versa, with per-octet visualization
Convert between CIDR, decimal mask and wildcard. Includes full /1–/32 reference table.
| CIDR | Subnet Mask | Wildcard | Hosts | /24 subnets | Block |
|---|
Calculate the wildcard (inverse) mask for Cisco ACLs, OSPF and firewall rules
Find the minimum supernet containing all specified networks (route summarization)
Split a network into equal subnets by specifying a new prefix
| # | Network | First Host | Last Host | Broadcast | Hosts | Mask |
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Convert an IP range (start–end) to the minimum set of CIDR blocks
| # | CIDR Block | Network | Broadcast | Hosts |
|---|
Convert IPv4/IPv6 addresses to integer and vice versa
Expand and compress IPv6 addresses — normalize any valid format
Convert between hexadecimal and IP address — useful for Windows route tables and Cisco logs
802.1Q VLAN info: tag encoding, PCP, DEI, VID, range and compatibility
Generate the PTR in-addr.arpa zone for an IPv4 network
Generate the PTR ip6.arpa record for an IPv6 address
Locate a public IP or resolve a domain and geolocate its public address
Interactive IP address space planner — click cells to edit, export to CSV
| # | Name | Network | Mask/CIDR | Gateway | VLAN | Location | Notes |
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LCP, CLS and INP may be stored as aggregate performance measurements by tool and language. Calculation inputs and persistent user identifiers are not included.
Only GeoIP lookups are processed by an external provider. The requested IP address is sent for that lookup.
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Entiende por qué algunas webs fallan a través de túneles, cómo funciona Path MTU Discovery y cuándo usar MSS clamping.
Path MTU Discovery depende de que la red devuelva información cuando un paquete no puede reenviarse con su tamaño actual. Si esa señal se filtra o falla, los paquetes pequeños funcionan mientras flujos mayores pueden quedarse bloqueados.
DNS, ping y respuestas HTTP pequeñas pueden funcionar mientras handshakes TLS, subidas de archivos o ciertas webs se quedan colgados. Esto hace que un problema de MTU parezca de firewall, navegador o servidor.
Ajustar el MSS TCP anunciado en el borde de un túnel puede impedir que los extremos envíen segmentos que generen paquetes demasiado grandes. Ayuda a TCP, pero no corrige tráfico no TCP ni el fallo subyacente de PMTUD.
Usa sondas controladas y tráfico real de aplicación. Valida ambas direcciones porque túneles y políticas asimétricas pueden generar MTU efectiva distinta en ida y vuelta.
IPv4 puede fragmentar en ciertas circunstancias, mientras que IPv6 depende de que los extremos adapten tamaño y los routers no fragmentan tráfico en tránsito. Ambos necesitan feedback ICMP correcto para PMTUD, pero los síntomas y capturas no son idénticos.
MSS clamping solo afecta a TCP. Datagramas UDP grandes, QUIC, payloads IPsec y otros protocolos pueden seguir chocando con la MTU del camino. Si el clamp “arregla la web” pero otro tráfico falla, el problema de PMTUD sigue existiendo.
Telemetría útil: MTU de interfaces, contadores ICMP PTB, retransmisiones, MSS observado en SYN y sondas de tamaño desde ambos lados. Así una queja intermitente se convierte en una propiedad medible del camino.